Low-Cost ESP32-Based Smart 18650 Li-Ion Battery Charger with IoT Monitoring
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37255/jme.v21i1pp%25pKeywords:
18650 battery,, lithium-ion charger,, ESP32,, IoT,, MQTT,, battery monitoring,, ArduinoAbstract
Lithium-ion batteries, particularly 18650 cells, are widely used in portable electronics, laboratory equipment, and energy storage applications. Safe charging, effective monitoring, and accurate capacity estimation are critical to ensure battery performance and longevity. This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-cost smart battery charger for 18650 lithium-ion cells using an ESP32 microcontroller. The proposed system supports controlled charging and discharging, real-time measurement of voltage, current, temperature, humidity, and battery capacity, and local visualization using an OLED display. In addition, the charger integrates Internet of Things (IoT) functionality through the MQTT protocol, enabling real-time data transmission and cloud-based logging using Google Sheets. Experimental results demonstrate stable charging performance, reliable data acquisition, and effective battery capacity estimation. The developed system is suitable for educational laboratories, battery testing, and low-cost IoT-based energy monitoring applications.
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